Abstract: Research funding systems play a crucial role in promoting scientific research and technological innovation. The São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) is one of the leading public research funding agencies in Brazil, has contributes a wealth of valuable experiences in advancing scientific research both within Brazil and around the world. This study takes FAPESP as a case to analysis the sustainable research funding system. The characteristics of FAPESP’s funding system are: an organizational structure with checks and balance, substantial and discretionary research funds, and funding source and operational model protected by the constitution. FAPESP has established a Trinity funding system structure of Education, Science and technology and Talent. To ensure the efficiency of funding, FAPESP has established a relatively comprehensive project review mechanism. While FAPESP boasts numerous advantages in its operational model, strategic priorities, and international collaboration initiatives. For instance, it has established a diversified funding system, effectively leverages corporate resources, and has developed efficient implementation mechanisms. Finally, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions from three aspects: building a diversified funding system, stimulating the autonomy and creativity of enterprises, and improving the project review mechanism.

Key words: Research Funding System; Brazilian S?o Paulo Research Foundation; FAPESP; Peer Review; Open Science; Integration Technology and Talent; Three-level Review System