Abstract: Under the background of technology competition among major powers, the paper selects the National laboratory of National Nuclear Security Administration of U. S. Department of Energy as case study, providing some experiences for the development of Chinese laboratories. Through the typing analysis, the paper focuses on the coordination measures and logic. It shows that the key function orientation of the National laboratory is safeguarding national security and enhancing competitiveness. The National laboratory adopts three different collaboration models that internal collaboration, external collaboration and international cooperation, which based on the different research agenda and research type. In the applied research of high politics field, the National laboratory chooses internal collaboration, while in the basic research of low politics field, it tends to adopt open approach in order to grasp the advanced technology trend with the support by international cooperation. Chinese National laboratories are in the process of accelerated construction. It can take the initiative to build a cross-laboratory platform, as well as expand its business scope in a timely and appropriate manners. In addition, it can promote the implementation of the targeted coordination strategy in an orderly manner.

Key words: National Laboratory; Frontier Cross-cutting Technology; Collaboration Strategy; Science and Technology Strategy; United States