关键词: 科学家流动；跨国流动；诺奖科学家；网络分析

Abstract: Since the beginning of the 21st century, global scientific and technological innovation has entered a new stage of rapid development, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating its conception and evolution, and scientific and technological competition has become the core area of the game between scientific and technological powers. S&T competition is essentially a competition for S&T talents, and Top scientists are the decisive factor in gaining the initiative in S&T competition. Policymakers and managers need to continue to look deeper into how to attract and retain scientists. Understanding the evolution and impact analysis of cross-border flow of scientists will help to provide substantial and effective support for scientific and technological talents work, and then improve China’s talent policy system. Based on the dataset of Nobel Prize scientists in natural sciences from 1945 to 2022, this paper analyzes scientists’resumes and literature records in the Scopus database to determine the flow information of scientists, constructs a network of scientists’flow trajectories, and further explores the flow process and the impact of cross-border mobility of Nobel Prize scientists. The study found that the flow of Nobel laureate scientists showed an evolutionary trend of “Multinational internal circulation flow-Gradual strengthening of convergence in the United States—United States becomes the absolute center—Gradual emergence of gravitational forces among multiple countries”. Nobel laureate scientists’cross-border flow to the United States has greatly improved the level of educational and scientific research activities in the United States, and has maintained a dominant position for a long time, until the decline occurred in 2000, and a pattern of scientist mobility has now been formed, with the United States as the center and countries are vying to strengthen their competitiveness.

Key words: Flow of Scientists; Transnational Flows; Nobel Prize Scientist; Network Analysis