关键词: 航空发动机；叶片预制体；三维编织；三维机织；专利布局

Abstract: Three-dimensional braided fabrics, as important advanced composites, are of significant application value to the aerospace industry due to their excellent anti-delamination and high damage tolerance. This paper takes the 3D woven technology for aero-engine blade preforms as the research object. An analysis is conducted from the perspective of patents to identify technology development trends and major competitive entities. The Safran Group, an applicant with overwhelming technological advantage, is further investigated to deeply study the main technical development routes and the construction of technical barriers in the hotspot technology of 3D woven, to analyze the international competitive landscape of this technology development. The research indicates that the technology development landscape is characterized by an innovation pattern dominated by core enterprises and first-mover countries. France and the United States, represented by the industry giant Safran, started early and have occupied the technological high ground through systematic patent layouts. Although China, as an important target market, has shown increasingly active patent application activities in recent years, a gap in overall technological capability is observed compared to the first-mover countries when priority countries, which indicate the source of technological innovation, are examined. Based on these findings, countermeasures and suggestions are proposed, including exploring differentiated technological breakthrough paths and building independent patent protection barriers for autonomous innovation routes.

Key words: Aero-engine; Blade Preform; 3D Braid; 3D Woven; Patent Layout