世界科技研究与发展 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 210-220.doi: 10.16507/j.issn.1006-6055.2022.07.004

所属专题： 科研仪器与设施

• 科技政策与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于出口管制清单的质谱仪技术对比分析研究

陈芳1 沈湘1 王学昭1,2 刘细文1,2 朱宇婧1,2 吴鸣1,2    

  1. 1.中国科学院文献情报中心，北京 100190；2.中国科学院大学经济与管理学院图书情报与档案管理系，北京 100190
  • 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-04-27
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技图书文献中心（NSTL）专项基金“面向政府部门的科技管理决策咨询研究服务—美国出口管制中的科学仪器技术研究子课题”（E01Z0413），中国科学院战略专项“美国出口管制清单解析与挖掘”（E1290409）

Comparative Analysis on Mass Spectrometer Technology Based on Export Control

CHEN Fang1   SHEN Xiang1   WANG Xuezhao1,2   LIU Xiwen1,2   ZHU Yujing1,2   WU Ming1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Chinese academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China; 2. Department of library, Information and Archives Management, School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
  • Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-04-27

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摘要：

为研究全球质谱仪制造技术的研发特点，分析我国的竞争优劣势，本文采用监督分类和非监督聚类结合的方法，对全球质谱仪专利技术进行人工智能筛选，得到全球质谱仪制造技术的研究主题布局。将技术研究主题与出口管制清单中所涉及的质谱仪信息进行技术对比，分析中国与美国、欧盟、日本等在质谱仪制造技术方面的研究现状和竞争态势。结果显示随机森林算法对质谱仪制造技术的筛选效果最好。无监督聚类算法将全球质谱仪制造技术聚类为质谱仪整机技术、离子质量分析器技术、质谱仪数据处理模块、进样部件与装置、离子源核心技术等五大模块。通过计量分析发现，近十年来，中国的质谱仪制造技术进步非常快，2015 年后，专利已经超过了全球专利数量的一半。中国在进样部件与装置、质谱仪数据处理等研究方向上的技术储备具有明显优势，而在质谱仪整机技术、离子质量分析器技术、离子源核心技术等主题方向上比较薄弱。中国在核心技术方面存在短板，在面对西方技术管制时，存在一定的风险。

关键词: 质谱仪, 出口管制, 技术差距, 文本挖掘

Abstract:

In order to analyze the key and core technology of mass spectrometers and reveal the competitive advantages between countries, patent technologies of the global mass spectrometer are identified by artificial intelligence, and the research theme layout of global mass spectrometer manufacturing technology is obtained. Through a hybrid approach of supervised classification with unsupervised clustering, the research theme is compared with the mass spectrometer involved in export control. Results of supervised classification experiments show that the random forest algorithm has the best classification effect, with an accuracy of 94% and a recall rate of 94.3%. The clustering algorithm divides the global mass spectrometer manufacturing technology into five fields: mass spectrometer machine technology, ion mass analyzer technology, mass spectrometer data processing module, sampling components and devices, and ion source core technology. Then, this paper analyzes the research status and competition situation of mass spectrometer manufacturing technology between China and several key economic regions such as the United States, the European Union and Japan. It shows that China has made rapid progress in the manufacturing technology of mass spectrometers in the recent ten years, with the number of patents exceeding half of the number of global patents. China has obvious advantages in the themes such as sampling components and devices and mass spectrometer data processing module, while in the themes of mass spectrometer machine technology, ion mass analyzer technology, and ion source core technology, China has an obvious weakness. Results show China has certain risks in the face of American and Western technology export control regulation.

Key words: Mass Spectrometer, Export Control, Technology Gap, Text Mining

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